command: ps purpose: report a snapshot of the current processes. syntax: $ps options command line options This version of ps accepts several kinds of options. Unix98 options may be grouped and must be preceeded by a dash. BSD options may be grouped and must not be used with a dash. GNU long options are preceeded by two dashes. examples: 1. To see every process on the system using standard syntax: $ps -e $ps -ef $ps -eF $ps -ely 2. To see every process on the system using BSD syntax: $ps ax $ps axu 3. To print a process tree: $ps -ejH $ps axjf 4. To get info about threads: $ps -eLf $ps axms 5. To get security info: $ps -eo euser,ruser,suser,fuser,f,comm,label $ps axZ $ps -eM 6. To see every process running as root (real & effective ID) in user format: $ps -U root -u root u 7. To see every process with a user-defined format: $ps -eo pid,tid,class,rtprio,ni,pri,psr,pcpu,stat,wchan:14,comm $ps axo stat,euid,ruid,tty,tpgid,sess,pgrp,ppid,pid,pcpu,comm $ps -eopid,tt,user,fname,tmout,f,wchan 8. To Print only the process IDs of syslogd: $ps -C syslogd -o pid= 9. To Print only the name of PID 80: $ps -p 80 -o comm= regards, dhanasekar