The component of internet architecture that is totally inadequate for TV is the
backbone. It would be impossible to deliver packets from an origin server to
even a few thousand viewers watching a show, e.g. via RTP. Multicast is nice
in theory for synchronized live viewing, but a failure in practice. A packet
routing network has significant limitations.
What makes internet TV at all possible is edge caching, where one copy of each
video segment can be sent over the backbone to edge servers that can route the
same segments to potentially millions of e.g. Super bowl or "Breaking Bad"
viewers. Akamai, Netflix, Comcast, Verizon, etc. have overlaid a hierarchical
storage network on the internet, so most of the top Netflix movies and popular
TV shows are sitting on a hard disk at your cable/telco or ISP one or two hops
away.
Still, it won't be adequate for projected video growth unless cache efficiency
is optimized by reducing the number of redundant encodings required (each
segment of video and audio encoded at a variety of bitrates, codecs, encoding
parameters, aspect ratios, frame rate, EOTF, container formats, manifest
format, encryption, etc.). A streaming provider today who want to reach all
devices in the Google, Apple, Adobe, Microsoft, Samsung, etc. empires has to
encode each video in a dozen flavors, a dozen bitrates, and sometimes multiple
protection systems, codecs, languages, subtitles, etc.
Using an object oriented common media format can increase edge cache efficiency
anywhere from 10X to 1000X. Building out 10X or 1000X backbone and other
network capacity to maintain the current level of chaos isn't an option within
time and money limits. Especially with the increased load on wireless
bandwidth for mobile video consumption over the last mile.
Kilroy Hughes | Senior Digital Media Architect |Windows Azure Media Services |
Microsoft Corporation
-----Original Message-----
From: opendtv-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:opendtv-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On
Behalf Of Manfredi, Albert E
Sent: Monday, August 10, 2015 7:16 PM
To: opendtv@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: [opendtv] NTIA: National Broadband Map has Helped Chart Broadband
Evolution
While it's true that last mile bandwidth alone I not the whole answer, I think
we can safely say that Craig's idea that we need decades to have broadband
adequate for TV deployed, even HDTV, is a tad overstated. As this pub states,
already today, 98 percent of the country has access to broadband more than
adequate for Internet TV.
Bert
-----------------------------------------
https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3a%2f%2fwww2.ntia.doc.gov%2fnational-broadband-map-has-helped-chart-broadband-evolution&data=01%7c01%7cKilroy.Hughes%40microsoft.com%7c9f2e3032fd334934850c08d2a1f2d968%7c72f988bf86f141af91ab2d7cd011db47%7c1&sdata=4ofWQV9RYCPsJZwlymrB9dqBrPCBZ9ZD0y0V%2bX3vx%2fk%3d
Mon, March 23, 2015 by Anne Neville, Director, State Broadband Initiative
. . .
The most significant finding from the latest data, announced by President Obama
earlier today, is that the United States has met the President's goal of
ensuring 98 percent of the country has access to wireless broadband at a speed
of at least 6 megabits per second (Mbps) down/1.5 Mbps up. Other key findings
from the June 30, 2014 dataset include:
* As we have seen in every data release since our first in February 2011,
broadband speeds continue to increase. The rate at which we are seeing speeds
increase, however, is slower at every national speed threshold that we track.
* At lower speeds, Internet access is widely available across both rural and
urban areas. The latest data shows that 99 percent of the country has access to
advertised broadband speeds at 10 megabits per second (Mbps) through either
wired or wireless services, and 93 percent have access to this speed through
wired service alone.
* Nearly 85 percent of the country has access to wired broadband at a speed of
25 Mbps down and 3 Mbps up, which is the Federal Communications Commission's
(FCC) new benchmark level for broadband speeds. Cable provides 82.69 percent of
the U.S. population with speeds of 25 Mbps or more, while fiber to the premises
serves about one in four Americans (24.20 percent) at that speed.
* However, there is still a big gap between urban and rural areas when it comes
to access to broadband at 25 Mbps. The latest data finds that only 55 percent
of those in rural communities, and 32 percent of tribal lands have access to
broadband at 25 mbps compared with 94 percent of urban areas.
. . .
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